In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

INDEX Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations. Administration of Public Domains, 71 Africa, 17 agriculture: agrarian counter-reforms, 35; agricultural economy, 64, 79; agricultural loans, 114–15; cereal regions, 55; commercialization , 62; competition, 93; education of farmers, 120; export agriculture, 62–63, 117, 126, 130, 132; farm size, 118–20; history of North Africa, 44; modernization, 65–71; populism, 27–28; productivity of farms, 118–20; refrigeration, 93–94; seasonal labor, 69, 83, 95; small landholders and peasantry , 36, 45–46, 50, 69, 84, 112–32; specialization , 101; state management, 1; structural adjustment, 5; subsistence agriculture, 56, 64. See also cooperatives, agricultural Algeria, 40, 124, 135, 137 Amin, Samir, 14n amnesty, 40 Amor, Mohammed Belhadj, 33 Andalusian population, 78 Anderson, Lisa, 109 animal husbandry, 53 Arabic, 78 Argentina, 133, 134 Ashford, Douglas, 52 ashurah (tenth day of Ramadan), 59 The Assault on World Poverty (World Bank), 120 asset inequality. See wealth and income inequality associations. See unions Attia, Habib, 69–70 austerity programs, 37 authoritarianism: democratization and, 140; elections, 31–32, 134; inequality, 21; market reforms, 5, 6, 137–38; neo-corporatism, 138–39; partial regimes, 23–24; patronage, 42; pressure regime, 40–41, 139; semiauthoritarianism , 135; traditionalism and, 3, 139; in Tunisia, 27 authority structures, 60, 76–77. See also patron-client relationships Azerbaijan, 135 Balkans, 135 Bangladesh, 134 banking, 46–47, 62, 105, 114–15, 131 Belarus, 134 Ben Ali, Zein al-Abidine: democratization, 5, 31, 136–38; elections, 31–33; market reforms, 26, 35; neo-liberal reforms, 34, 43; pressure regime, 40–41; stability of regime, 140 Ben Salah, Ahmed, 27–30, 85, 88, 100, 102 beylical regime, 50–51, 53–55, 57–58, 64, 68 Black Thursday, 30 bourgeoisie, 8, 24, 26, 68–69, 138. See also elites Bourguiba, Habib, 4, 27, 30–33, 40, 125, 138 Brazil, 131, 134 bureaucracy, 52, 96 Burkina Faso, 130 capitalism, 8, 12 cereal regions, 55 Chamber of Deputies, 32 charity: accounts of, 103; Elloumi on, 91; family structure, 103–104; social standing, 96, 101; sources of, 77; state actors, 2–3; trends in, 99; "umad and, 2, 95; wealthy landowners, 92–93. See also redistribution of wealth; zakat (almsgiving) chechia (red fez), 56 child labor, 96 Chile, 133, 134 civil society, 7, 32, 40–41, 112, 139 class issues and class con®ict: democratic transitions, 11, 12; Islamic charity and, 87; modernization, 7, 8; neo-liberal reforms, 16. See also clientelism; patron-client relationships ; wealth and income inequality clientelism: charity efforts, 3; democratization , 134, 140; as form of mass control, 109; market reforms, 6; moral economy, 47; mutual assistance, 60; partial regime, 23– 24; revival of, 139; state actors, 42–43. See also patron-client relationships climate of Tunisia, 6, 85–86 collective action, 3, 12, 22–23, 35, 48. See also unions collective lands, 53, 116, 122, 128–29 colonial period, 61–63 communist party, 31 community studies, 42, 43 competition, 93–94, 103 cooperatives, agricultural: collapse of, 28; impersonal nature of, 81; middle peasants, 98; moral economy, 71–75; origin of, 45; privatization of, 74–75, 92, 107–108; shared growth approach, 18; state management, 1; traditional social organization, 53; wealth inequality, 85; worker ownership, 103 corporatism, 6, 10, 27, 34, 41, 109, 138–40 corruption, 16, 129 council systems, 52 credit, 103, 105, 119. See also banking culture, 7–9, 31, 43, 47–50, 61 Dahl, Reynold, 64–65 debt burdens, 13, 46, 57–58 délégué: author’s visit with, 76–77; charity organization, 2; elections, 43; elites, 92, 93; hierarchic position, 51–52; moral economy, 89–90, 106 democracy and democratization: abuses within, 134; Ben Ali, 5, 31; delegative democracy , 134–35; democratic transitions, 9–10, 136; desegregation, 23; economic reforms, 3, 26; elite support, 4, 11–12, 134; “illiberal democracy,” 134; inequality and, 12, 23–24; Islam, 4, 29–30; market reforms, 6, 21, 133; national focus, 42–43; phases of, 9; poverty, 16; proportional representation, 33; representative institutions, 50; repression of, 41; semi-authoritarianism, 135; Tunisian case summarized, 136–40 dependency, 14n, 68, 104 Destour party, 87 development strategies, 12–13 Diamond, Larry, 5n, 9–10, 134 al-Din, Khayr, 62 droughts, 85–86 Ebba Ksour, 105 economic reform and adjustment, 20–23, 26, 35–40. See also structural adjustment programs (SAPs) education, 120 Egypt, 124–28, 135 El Salvador, 11 elections and electoral system, 4, 9, 30–33, 42, 105, 134, 139 elites: alliances among, 25; bourgeoisie, 8, 24, 26, 68–69, 138; bureaucracy, 52; charity, 2–3; clientelism...

Share