Hip Hop Ukraine: Music, Race, and African Migration

Index

219 5’Nizza, 25, 100 50 Cent, 3, 99, 100 1920s, 39–40 1930s, 87 1950s, 55, 60–61, 68, 71 1960s, 19, 60–61 1990s, 19, 96, 142, 200n7 Abkhazia, Republic of, 60 “Aborigeni,” 158–60, 163 Abramz, 187–88 Adelaja, Sunday, 72–73 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and a Runaway Negro, 40 advertising, 9, 118, 123–24, 147, 157, 170 Africa, 19, 66–68, 144–48, 159–63, 169–70, 204n10; anticolonial movements in, 70; colonial, 42, 43; East, 165, 180; as historical construct, 10–11; in popular music, 61–62; and USSR, 18, 19, 81, 82, 85, 149–50 “Africa,” 161–62 Africa Day celebrations, 79–80 African: bartenders, 95–96; DJs, 96, 127; immigrants , 8–9, 13, 78, 81, 148, 175, 190–91; languages, 62; musicians, 28, 48, 119, 125, 131, 135, 136; slave trade, 33–34; use of, 91; women, 129 African Americans, 34, 40, 43–44, 46, 56–57, 70–71, 96–97; culture of, 4, 20, 27–28, 49, 84; and hip hop, 104, 167; and migration, 200n5; music of, 8–11, 26–27, 56, 92 African Center in Kyiv, 67, 79–80, 191, 202n11 African Council in Ukraine, 92 African Institute of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, 205n13 African students, 19, 60–61, 68, 71, 170; and interracial love, 128; in Kharkiv, 131; and stigma, 130; and Ukrainian culture, 74 African Underground: Democracy in Dakar, 3, 203n20 Africanisms, 49 Africans, 17–18, 67–71, 91–92, 96–97, 135–37, 145–46, 162 Afrodisiac Group, 22 AfroRasta, 127–28, 167 Afro-Ukrainian, 31, 89–93, 135–64, 146, 180 Age Music Studios, 117, 128, 128, 129, 133 Agencia Cubana de Rap, 2–3 agency, socio-racial, 124–27 AIDS, 130, 168–69 alcoholism, 104, 121–22 Aldridge, Ira Frederick, 29, 33–38, 37, 162, 200n4 Aleksandrov, Grigory, 56 Alex, Joe, 41 Alexseev, Anatoli, 132–33 Alfa-Alfa, 136, 146, 154–55, 158–60, 163–64; and Chameleone, 179; and costumes, 145; family of, 171, 176 Algeria, 66 alienation, 2, 30, 102, 104–109, 165 All God’s Chillun Got Wings (O’Neill), 52, 57 INDEX Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations. 220 Index Alliluyeva, Svetlana, 60 Alvarez, T. Tomás III, 185–86 Amalrik, L., 53 Amazonka, 85–86 American Communist Party, 44, 46 Amin, Idi, 179–81, 205n6 Amnesty International, 74–75, 201n7 Ankole, 178 Ansia, 182 anthem, 138 anti-Semitism, 52, 104 anti-Ukrainian policies, 114 anxiety, 167 Aquarium, 61–62, 201n11 Arctic communities, 186–87 Ari, Miri Ben, 193 Armstrong, Louis, 83, 84, 94–95, 95 Arusha, 167 Asante-Yeboa, Charles, 67 Ashion, Karolina, 91 Asians in Ukraine, 75 Askew, Kelly, 5 assimilation, 155 atrocities, 52 attacks, 68–69, 74–75, 201n7 authenticity, 126, 127 autobiography, 4 avtentyka, 144 Back, Les, 94 Back-to-Africa Movement, 42 Bajayoko, Amadou, 192 Baker, Josephine, 38–42 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 150–51 Baldwin, Kate, 45, 91, 164 Bambaataa, Afrika, 192 bandura, 113, 115, 116, 203n14 Banjo (McKay), 42 Banned Drummers, 180 Barabashova Market, 75–80, 77, 125 Barrer, Peter, 107 bartenders, 95–96 Barz, Gregory, 168 basketball, 105 Bazaar Barabashova, 75–80, 77, 125 b-boying, 186–87 “Be My Guest,” 72, 85 beatboxing, 100 beats, 134 beauty, 154 Bebe Cool, 179 Belarus, 199n4 Bell, Irena, 38, 200n4 Bennett, Andrew, 109, 131 Berlin Conference of 1884–85, 18 Bickerstaff, Isaac, 35 Big Daddy Kane, 188 Biggie Smalls, 100 bili liudy, 87 Bilozir, Ihor, 144 bilyi, 88 biological racism, 34–35, 84 biracial children, 90–91, 148–49, 203n17 birth rate, 105 bizhentsi, 191 black: bodies, 71, 95–96, 127, 134; consciousness , 22, 66–67; diaspora, 8, 49; as economic category, 87; masculinity, 127, 130; meaning of, 90; musicians, 83; and Soviet imaginations, 95; voice, 93; voters, 43; women, 56, 127, 148; youth, 2 Black and White (cartoon), 53–55 Black and White (film), 40, 47, 53–58, 201n9 Black Beatles, 127, 129, 130, 131, 167 Black Belt thesis, 43–44 Black Bolshevik (Haywood), 58–59 black identity, 7–8, 10–11, 30, 94–97, 164; and Africa, 45; and Alfa-Alfa, 155; and minstrels , 150; perceived, 78; in Soviet era, 27; and Ukrainian language, 143 Black on Red (Robinson), 58–60 “Black President,” 2 Black Russians (Lynch), 18 blackface, 35, 57, 94–95, 148–51 Blackman, Toni, 182 blackness, 41, 86–91, 117–18, 126–35, 157–58, 164; and African diaspora, 13; and Chornobryvtsi , 151; construction of, 10; as cultural capital, 125; as exotic, 55–56, 150; in Japan, 9; and...