Butterflies of Indiana: A Field Guide

Larval Hosts and Nectar Sources

142 Larval Hosts and Nectar Sources 1 Shepherd’s Purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) Checkered White [15] •6"-18"; flowers tiny, white; leaves clasp stem; pods triangular; waste areas 2 Cut-leaved Toothwort (Cardamine concatenata) West Virginia White [13], Falcate Orangetip [15] •8"; flowers white; stem leaves deeply divided into toothed segments; woods 3 Yellow Rocket (Barbarea vulgaris) Cabbage White [13, 133, 137, 141] •1'-2'; flowers yellow; basal leaves with 1-4 small lateral lobes and one terminal lobe; upper leaves clasping; fields 4 Smooth Rockcress (Boechera laevigata) Olympia Marble [15], West Virginia White [13] •1'-3'; flowers tiny, white; seed pods long, thin; rocky woods and cliffs 5 Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) Mustard White [13] •12"; leaves divided into 3-9 leaflets; seeps within wetlands, and creeksides 6 Sandcress (Arabidopsis lyrata) Olympia Marble [15] •12"; flowers white; stem leaves narrow, untoothed; dunes, sandy woods 2 1 M 142-169 Larval Hosts.indd 142 8/7/12 2:40 PM 143 Mustards 3 4 5 6 M 142-169 Larval Hosts.indd 143 8/7/12 2:40 PM 144 Larval Hosts and Nectar Sources 1 Lamb’s Quarters (Chenopodium album) Common Sootywing [91, 139], Hayhurst’s Scallopwing [91] •1'-6'; flowers tiny, in leaf axils; leaves grayish-green; garden weed 2 Curly Dock (Rumex crispus) Bronze Copper [43] •1'-3'; lower leaves with curled margins; wings of fruit heart-shaped; fields 3 Sheep Sorrel (Rumex acetosella) American Copper [43] •12"; flowers tiny, reddish; leaves arrow-shaped; fields 4 Water Smartweed (Persicaria amphibia) Bronze Copper [43], Purplish Copper [45] •1'-4'; flowers pink, in spikes; wetlands, either along edges or floating 5 Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) Appalachian Azure [25], and also Summer Azure [23] •3'-6'; tall flower spike; large basal leaves divided into many leaflets; woods 6 Wild Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis) Columbine Duskywing [87] •1'-2'; flowers pink, nodding, spurred; leaves divided into 3 leaflets; woods 1 2 M 142-169 Larval Hosts.indd 144 8/7/12 2:40 PM 145 Smartweeds and Buttercups 5 6 3 4 M 142-169 Larval Hosts.indd 145 8/7/12 2:40 PM 146 Larval Hosts and Nectar Sources 1 Partridge Pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata) Little Yellow [21], and possibly Cloudless Sulphur [19, 137] •1'-2'; flowers yellow; leaves with 8-15 pairs of leaflets; dry fields, roadsides 2 Northern Wild Senna (Senna hebecarpa) Cloudless Sulphur [19, 137], Sleepy Orange [21] •2'-5'; flowers yellow, in clusters; leaves with 5-9 pairs of leaflets; young seed pods hairy; fields 3 Crown Vetch (Coronilla varia) Wild Indigo Duskywing [85, 133] •1'-2'; flowers pink and white; leaves with 11-21 leaflets; roadsides 4 Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Clouded and Orange Sulphurs [17, 137], Gray Hairstreak [35, 137, 141] •6"-12"; flowers reddish; leaves with 3 leaflets blotched with pale V; fields 5 Hog Peanut (Amphicarpaea bracteata) Golden Banded-Skipper [81, 133] •2'-5'; twining vine; flowers pale purple; leaves with 3 leaflets; woods 6 Pale Vetch (Vicia caroliniana) Silvery Blue [29] •12"; flowers white, in clusters; leaves with 10 or more leaflets; oak woods 1 2 M 142-169 Larval Hosts.indd 146 8/7/12 2:40 PM 147 Caesalpinias and Peas 3 4 5 6 M 142-169 Larval Hosts.indd 147 8/7/12 2:40 PM 148 Larval Hosts and Nectar Sources 1 Sundial Lupine (Lupinus perennis) Karner Blue [27], Frosted Elfin [31], Persius Duskywing [85] •12"-18"; flowers blue; leaves palmate; sand barrens and dunes 2 Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Orange Sulphur [17, 137] •1'-3'; flowers purple; leaves with 3 leaflets, middle one bent upward; fields 3 Forest Pea (Lathyrus venosus) Silvery Blue [29] •2'-4'; flowers distinctly bicolored—upper lip pink with dark veins, lower petals white; leaves with brached tendrils at tips; stems angled; woodlands 4 Tick-trefoils (Desmodium) Eastern Tailed-Blue [27], Hoary Edge [81], and cloudywings [89] •1'-6'; flowers pinkish; leaves with 3 leaflets; pods stick to clothing; woods 5 Bergamot (Monarda fistulosa) Nectar source for swallowtails, fritillaries, and other butterflies and skippers •2'-4'; flowers pink, tubular, in round clusters; fields, prairies 6 Slender Mountain-Mint (Pycnanthemum tenuifolium) Nectar source for many hairstreaks and skippers •1'-2'; flowers white, in flat-topped clusters; leaves narrow; fields, prairies 1 2 M 142-169 Larval Hosts.indd 148 8/7/12 2:40 PM 149 Peas and Mints 3...