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Notes Introduction 1. Author interview with Jeanne McLeish, Mooresville, Ind., November 17, 2011. 2. Author interview with Chris Newlund, Columbus, Ind., January 5, 2012. 1. A Condensed History of Landscape Painting The epigraph, from James Whitcomb Riley, “Orlie Wilde” (1916), is published by permission from World Public Library. 1. John K. Howat, American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School (New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, Harry N. Abrams, 1987), 13. 2. Jim May, “Making a Practical Art History: Two Hundred or So Years of Indiana Art Making,” in The State of Indiana History 2000, ed. Robert M.Taylor Jr. (Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society, 2001), 312. 3. Ibid., 313. 4. Joseph C. Skrapits, “The Macchiaioli: Plein Air Innovators ,” Plein Air Magazine 1, no. 4 (Winter 2011): 42. 5. Paul Levinson, The Soft Edge: A Natural History and Future of the Information Revolution (New York: Routledge, 1967), 23. 6. Reed Kay, The Painter’s Guide to Studio Methods and Materials (Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1983), 127. 7. James Stanley Little, “The Ideal Life of the Landscape Painter,” International Studio November–February 1896–1897. 8. Richard B. Gruelle was the only artist among the Hoosier Group artists who was self-taught. 2.The First Generation of Hoosier Plein Air Painters 1. William Forsyth, Art in Indiana (Indianapolis: H. Lieber, 1916), 16 (reprint of a series of articles beginning Saturday, August 12, 1916, in the Indianapolis News). 2.T. C. Steele, handwritten letter to Herman Lieber, December 1881,T. C. Steele and Mary E. Steele Papers, Indiana Historical Society (hereafter IHS) Library, Indianapolis. 3. Martin Krause, The Passage (Indianapolis: Indianapolis Museum of Art, 1990), 52. 4. Ibid., 68. 5. Ibid., 62. 6. Steele returned in the early summer of 1885, Adams in the winter of 1887, and Forsyth in the late fall of 1888. 7.T. C. Steele, journal entry August 18, 1885, quoted in Selma N. Steele,Theodore L. Steele, and Wilbur D. Peat, The House of the Singing Winds (Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society, 1966), 34. 8. “The Artist Steele,” Indianapolis News, February 19, 1887. 9. Author interview with Helen Ochs, August 19, 2010. 10. Krause, Passage, 90. 11. Brandt T. Steele, “Meanderings,” written ca. 1930 for a paper read to the Portfolio, Indianapolis,Thomas Creveling Papers, IHS Library, Indianapolis. 12. John M. Gresham Co., Biographical and Historical Souvenir for the Counties of Clark, Crawford, Harrison, Floyd, Jefferson, Jennings, Scott, and Washington, Indiana (Chicago: Chicago Printing, 1889), 159. 13.T. C. Steele, handwritten letter to Libbie Steele, November 17, 1895,T. C. Steele and Mary E. Steele Papers, IHS Library. 14. Daisy Steele, handwritten program given before T. C. Steele’s Memorial Exhibition at Herron Art Institute, fall 1926,T. C. Steele and Mary E. Steele Papers, IHS Library. 15. Libbie Steele, handwritten letter to friend, August 1897,T. C. Steele and Mary E. Steele Papers, IHS Library. 16. Five Hoosier Painters, exhibition catalog (Chicago Central Art Association, 1894) Indiana State Museum and Historic Sites Corporation archives, Indianapolis. 17. Krause, Passage, 172. 18. Daisy Steele program, 1926. 19. Steele, “Meanderings.” 20. J. Ottis Adams, handwritten letter to William Forsyth , February 7, 1898, Forsyth–Selby Papers, IHS Library. 21. Krause, Passage, 190. 22. Forsyth, Art in Indiana, 15. 3.The Second Generation of Hoosier Plein Air Painters 1.T. C. Steele, handwritten letter to Selma, May 18, 1907,T. C. Steele and Mary E. Steele Papers, IHS Library. 2. Steele, Steele, and Peat, House of the Singing Winds, 107. Steele’s concern about the heavy growth would have been magnified in the twenty-first century. Most of the hilltops in Brown County, including his home site, had been cleared by 1907, providing vistas that are no longer available today. 3. “Brown County Scenes Caught by T. C. Steele,” Indianapolis News, November 29, 1907. 4. Steele, Steele, and Peat, House of the Singing Winds, 110. 5. Lyn Letsinger-Miller, The Artists of Brown County (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994), 41. 6. M. Joanne Nesbit, ed., Those Brown County Artists: The Ones Who Came, the Ones Who Stayed, the Ones Who Moved On, 1900–1950 (Nashville, Ind.: Nana’s Books, 1993), 34. 7. M. Joanne Nesbit, “Early Artist: L. O. Griffith,” Our Brown County, November–December 2011, 56. 8. “Artist Edward K. Williams,” Indianapolis Sunday Star, March 5, 1933. 9. Nesbit, Those Brown County Artists, 95. 10. Frank Hohenberger, handwritten journal entry, September 1919, Lilly Library, Indiana University, Bloomington. 11. Ibid. 12. M. Joanne Nesbit, “Early Artist, Adolph Shulz,” Our Brown County...

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