The Phenomenology of Religious Life

Contents

Contents Translators’ Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii INTRODUCTION TO THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF RELIGION Winter Semester 1920–21 PART ONE Methodological Introduction Philosophy, Factical Life Experience, and the Phenomenology of Religion Chapter One The Formation of Philosophical Concepts and Factical Life Experience§ 1. The Peculiarity of Philosophical Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3§ 2. On the Title of the Lecture Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4§ 3. Factical Life Experience as the Point of Departure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7§ 4. Taking-Cognizance-of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Chapter Two Current Tendencies of the Philosophy of Religion§ 5. Troeltsch’s Philosophy of Religion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 a) Psychology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 b) Epistemology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 c) Philosophy of History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 d) Metaphysics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17§ 6. Critical Observations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Chapter Three The Phenomenon of the Historical§ 7. The Historical as Core Phenomenon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 a) “Historical Thinking” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 b) The Concept of the Historical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 c) The Historical in Factical Life Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25§ 8. The Struggle of Life against the Historical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 a) The Platonic Way. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 vi Contents b) Radical Self-Extradition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 c) Compromise between the Two Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30§ 9. Tendencies-to-Secure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 a) The Relation of the Tendency-to-Secure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 b) The Sense of the Historical Itself. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 c) Does the Securing Suffice?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34§ 10. The Concern of Factical Dasein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Chapter Four Formalization and Formal Indication§ 11. The General Sense of “Historical”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38§ 12. Generalization and Formalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39§ 13. The “Formal Indication” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 PART TWO Phenomenological Explication of Concrete Religious Phenomena in Connection with the Letters of Paul Chapter One Phenomenological Interpretation of the Letters to the Galatians§ 14. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47§ 15. Some Remarks on the Text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48§ 16. The Fundamental Posture of Paul. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Chapter Two Task and Object of the Philosophy of Religion§ 17. Phenomenological Understanding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52§ 18. Phenomenology of Religion and the History of Religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53§ 19. Basic Determinations of Primordial Christian Religiosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54§ 20. The Phenomenon of Proclamation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55§ 21. Foreconceptions of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56§ 22. The Schema of Phenomenological Explication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Chapter Three Phenomenological Explication of the First Letter to the Thessalonians§ 23. Methodological Difficulties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Contents vii§ 24. The “Situation” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63§ 25. The “Having-Become” of the Thessalonians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65§ 26. The Expectation of the Parousia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Chapter Four The Second Letter to the Thessalonians§ 27. Anticipation of the Parousia in the Second Letter to the Thessalonians . . . 75§ 28. The Proclamation of the Antichrist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78§ 29. Dogma and the Complex of Enactment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Chapter Five Characteristics of Early Christian Life Experience§ 30. Factical Life Experience and Proclamation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83§ 31. The Relational Sense of Primordial Christian Religiosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84§ 32. Christian Facticity as Enactment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86§ 33. The Complex of Enactment as “Knowledge”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 APPENDIX Notes and Sketches on the Lecture Letter to the Galatians [on § 16]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Religious Experience and Explication [on § 17]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Methodological Considerations regarding Paul (I) [on §§ 18 and 19] . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Methodological Considerations regarding Paul (II) [on §§ 20 and 21] . . . . . . . . . . 93 Methodological Considerations regarding Paul (III) [on § 22] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 The Hermeneutical Foreconceptions [on § 22]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Phenomenology of Pauline Proclamation (I) (I Thess.) [on §§ 23–26] . . . . . . . . . . 97 Phenomenology of Pauline Proclamation (II) (I Thess.) [on §§ 23–26] . . . . . . . . . 99 Phenomenology of Pauline Proclamation (III) (I Thess.) [on §§ 23–26] . . . . . . . 100 Phenomenology of Pauline Proclamation (IV) [on §§ 23–26] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Phenomenology of Pauline Proclamation (V) [on §§ 23–26] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Enactmental-Historical Understanding [on § 24]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Eschatology I (I Thess.) [on § 26] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Eschatology II (I Thess.) [on § 26] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Eschatology III (II Thess.) [on §§ 27 and 28] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Eschatology IV (II Thess.) [on §§ 28 and 29] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 This page intentionally left blank AUGUSTINE AND NEO-PLATONISM Summer Semester 1921 INTRODUCTORY PART Interpretations of Augustine§ 1. Ernst Troeltsch’s Interpretation of Augustine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115§ 2. Adolf von Harnack’s Interpretation of Augustine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117§ 3. Wilhelm Dilthey’s Interpretation of Augustine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118§ 4. The Problem of Historical Objectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119§ 5. A Discussion of the Three Interpretations of Augustine according to Their Sense of Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120§ 6. A Discussion of the Interpretations of Augustine according to Their Motivational Basis for the Starting Point and the Enactment of Access. . 121 a) The Motivational Centers of the Three Interpretations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 b) Demarcation from Object-Historical Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 c) Demarcation from Historical-Typological Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 MAIN PART Phenomenological Interpretation of Confessions; Book X§ 7. Preparations for the Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 a) Augustine’s Retractions of the Confessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 b) The Grouping of the Chapters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128§ 8. The Introduction to Book X. Chapters 1–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 a) The Motif of con...