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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My deepest debts are to my friends in my field site of Haliap who have generously shared their triumphs and frustrations with me over many years. Keeping their real names confidential and blurring some of their identifying details is the least I can do to protect their privacy; this precludes a roll call of all my key respondents here. I offer my friends who have chosen to be known as Angelina and Luis, and their extended families, special thanks for agreeing to let me retell what I have learned of their stories to a wider public. While doing fieldwork in the Philippines, I have had the good fortune to be sustained by my own much wider network of friends and family too. They have shown me the myriad ways one can be and become Filipino. In Baguio City, Professor June Prill-Brett advised me on my project and showed me the flexibility of Filipino kinship firsthand, adopting me into her family. I owe much to her hospitality and that of her husband, the late James Brett, and to Heather, Sigrid, James Jr., Wrenolph Panganiban, and their families. My colleague and collaborator Padmapani Perez continues to be a source of sustenance, both intellectual and culinary. Padma’s comments on “villagizing” in American colonial history helped me identify key themes in this book. In Sagada, Mountain Province, I enjoyed the hospitality and friendship of Teresita Malecdan Baldo, Mayor Thomas Killip, and the Cangbay family, and in Kiangan, Ifugao, the Sakai family gave me a base from which to travel. My research has also been shaped by an overlapping and equally important set of academic connections. Anthropologists Villia Jefremovas, Joachim Voss, and Susan Russell introduced me to Philippine fieldwork, while Harold Conklin and the late William Henry Scott helped me comprehend the complexities of history in my field sites. Visiting Research Associate positions at the University of the Philippines Baguio supported my research and introduced me to Carol Brady, Ben Tapang, Del Tolentino, and Lorelei Mendoza. In Manila, Jun Aguilar made me welcome at Ateneo de Manila University, and Maruja Asis and the Scalabrini Migration Centre encouraged my work. In Canada, Fay Cohen, Tania Li, Jennifer Leith, and Arthur Hansen supervised my initial fieldwork as part of a larger project at Dalhousie University. At the University of British Columbia (UBC), Terry McGee, Gerry Pratt, Derek Gregory, Tineke Hellwig, and Maureen Reed advised me when I returned to the Philippines to x ◆ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS undertake my PhD. I benefited enormously from the lively intellectual atmosphere in UBC’s Department of Geography with Nadine Schuurmann, Lynn Stewart, Bruce Braun, David Demerrit, Philip Kelly, Jennifer Hyndman, and Gisèle Yasmeen all influencing my reading and thinking on theories of development , both self and state. Colleagues at the Australian National University— Katherine Gibson, Kathryn Robinson, Andrew McWilliam, and Monique Skidmore—then helped to hone my writing and thinking about Southeast Asia by reading what became chapter drafts. My theoretical approach owes much to Ian Buchanan’s unparalleled ability to make Gilles Deleuze’s abstruse theory clear for the non-philosopher. Finally, Pnina Werbner at Keele University and Danny Miller at University College, London, have encouraged me to become a better migration scholar. They, along with Mirca Madianou, Theba Islam, and Martin McIvor; my partner, Ben Smith; and Rebecca Tolen at Indiana University Press deserve thanks for their generous comments on the manuscript. At Keele Beverly Skyes and Lisa Lau copyedited, while Keith Mason and Andy Lawrence redrew maps and polished my figures. All photos are my own except Figures 2 and 5 which were supplied by “Luis.” Funding from the International Development Research Centre and the Canadian International Development Agency enabled me to begin the fieldwork that informed this project (1992), followed by support from the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada, through an Eco-Research Fellowship (1993–1997), a Doctoral Award (1998), and a Postdoctoral Fellowship (2000–2001). The Australian National University then funded follow-up visits as well as my work in Hong Kong (2005–2007). In the United Kingdom, Keele University sponsored my travel to Canada (2009). My writing has been supported by a research fellowship within the Arts and Humanities Research Council’s Diaspora, Migration and Identities Programme (2009), and a Visiting Research Associate position at University College London, Department of Anthropology (2009–2011). Sections of chapters 4 and 5 have been developed from articles previously published in the Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology and Mobilities. ...

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