Jewish Culture and Society in North Africa

Contents

Contents Acknowledgments ix Part I. Introduction 1 Rethinking Jewish Culture and Society in North Africa Emily Benichou Gottreich and Daniel J. Schroeter 3 2 Muslim-­ Jewish Relations in Contemporary Morocco Mohammed Kenbib 24 Part II. Origins, Diasporas, and Identities 3 Place Names in Western Algeria: Biblical Sources and Dominant Semantic Domains Farid Benramdane 35 4 The Image of the Jews among Ibadi Imazighen in North Africa before the Tenth Century Mabrouk Mansouri 45 5 Jewish Identity and Landownership in the Sous Region of Morocco Abdellah Larhmaid 59 6 Southern Moroccan Jewry between the Colonial Manufacture of Knowledge and the Postcolonial Historiographical Silence Aomar Boum 73 v vi Contents 7 Dating the Demise of the Western Sephardi Jewish Diaspora in the Mediterranean Yaron Tsur 93 Part III. Communities, Cultural Exchange, and Transformations 8 Jewish-­ Muslim Syncretism and Intercommunity Cohabitation in the Writings of Albert Memmi: The Partage of Tunis Philippe Barbé 107 9 Making Tangier Modern: Ethnicity and Urban Development, 1880–1930 Susan Gilson Miller 128 10 Muslim and Jewish Interaction in Moroccan Meat Markets, 1873–1912 Stacy E. Holden 150 11 A Moment in Sephardi History: The Reestablishment of the Jewish Community of Oran, 1792–1831 Saddek Benkada 168 12 Crosscurrents: Trajectories of Algerian Jewish Artists and Men of Culture since the End of the Nineteenth Century Hadj Miliani 177 Part IV. Between Myth and History: Sol Hachuel in Moroccan Jewish Memory 13 Sol Hachuel in the Collective Memory and Folktales of Moroccan Jews Yaëlle Azagury 191 Contents vii 14 Sol Hachuel, “Heroine of the Nineteenth Century”: Gender, the Jewish Question, and Colonial Discourse Sharon Vance 201 15 Searching for Suleika: A Writer’s Journey Ruth Knafo Setton 226 Part V. Gender, Colonialism, and the Alliance Israélite Universelle 16 Corresponding Women: Female Educators of the Alliance Israélite Universelle in Tunisia, 1882–1914 Joy A. Land 239 17 Education for Jewish Girls in Late Nineteenth-­and Early Twentieth-­ Century Tunis and the Spread of French in Tunisia Keith Walters 257 18 “Les Temps Héroïques”: The Alliance Israélite Universelle in Marrakesh on the Eve of the French Protectorate Jonathan G. Katz 282 Part VI. North African Jews and Political Change in the Late Colonial and Post-­ Colonial Periods 19 Jewish-­ Muslim Relations in Tunisia during World War II: Propaganda, Stereotypes, and Attitudes, 1939–1943 Fayçal Cherif 305 20 The Emigration of Moroccan Jews, 1948–1956 Jamaâ Baïda 321 viii Contents 21 Zouzef Tayayou (Joseph the Tailor), a Jew from Nedroma, and the Others Belkacem Mebarki 334 22 The Real Morocco Itself: Jewish Saint Pilgrimage, Hybridity, and the Idea of the Moroccan Nation Oren Kosansky 341 Contributors 361 Index 365 ...