Citizens in the Present: Youth Civic Engagement in the Americas

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Citizens in the Present Youth Civic Engagement in the Americas Maria de los Angeles Torres Irene Rizzini Norma Del Río university of illinois press urbana, chicago, and springfield © 2013 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 C P 5 4 3 2 1 ∞ This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Control Number: 2013938955 In Memory of Harold Richman and Pastora San Juan Cafferty And with Special Appreciation to Matthew Piers, Malcolm Bush, and Ignacio Durán The two antagonistic forces of past and future are both indefinite as to their origin; seen from the viewpoint of the present in the middle, the one comes from an infinite past and the other from an infinite future. But though they have no known beginning, they have a terminal ending, the point at which they meet and clash, which is the present. —Hannah Arendt, “Thinking” Hold to the now, the here, through which all future plunges to the past. —James Joyce, Ulysses ...