No Votes for Women: The New York State Anti-Suffrage Movement

Notes

Notes Abbreviations ANM Papers Annie Nathan Meyer Collection, Jacob Rader Marcus Center of the American Jewish Archives, Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati, Ohio CAKL Jon A. Lindseth Woman Suffrage Collection. Manuscripts and Rare Books, Carl A. Kroch Library, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. CCC Papers Carrie Chapman Catt Papers, Manuscripts and Archives Division, New York Public Library, New York, N.Y. EPW Papers Everett P. Wheeler Papers, Manuscripts and Archives Division, New York Public Library, New York, N.Y. Gilder Mss. Gilder Mss., Lilly Library Manuscript Collections, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. HCH Anti-Suffrage Collection, Historic Cherry Hill, Albany, N.Y. HKRJ Papers Helen Kendrick and Rossiter Johnson Papers, Manuscripts and Archives Division, New York Public Library, New York, N.Y. LSHS Lincklaen/Ledyard Collection, Lorenzo State Historic Site, Cazenovia, N.Y. LHH Lou Henry Hoover Papers, Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum, West Branch, IA. NYSA New York State Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage Collection, New York State Archives, Albany, N.Y. SSC Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. URSC Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Rush Rhees, University of Rochester Special Collections, Rochester, N.Y. 176 Notes to Introduction VC Archives and Special Collections Library, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N.Y. Introduction 1. Women could vote from 1790 to 1807 in New Jersey. Anne Firor Scott and Andrew MacKay Scott, One Half the People: The Fight for Woman Suffrage (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982), 5–6. 2. Paula Baker, The Moral Frameworks of Public Life: Gender, Politics, and the State in Rural New York, 1870–1930 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 28–29. 3. Ellen Carol DuBois, Feminism and Suffrage: The Emergence of an Independent Women’s Movement in America, 1848–1869 (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1978), 15. 4. Ronald Schaffer, “The New York City Woman Suffrage Party, 1909–1919,” New York History (July 1962): 272–73. 5. Judith Wellman, “Women’s Rights, Republicanism, and Revolutionary Rhetoric in Antebellum New York State,” New York History 69 (July 1988): 353. 6. Aileen S. Kraditor, ed., Up from the Pedestal: Selected Writings in the History of American Feminism (Chicago: Quadrangle, 1968), 14. 7. Stephanie Coontz, The Social Origins of Private Life: A History of American Families (London: Verso, 1988), 210. 8. Kraditor, ed., Up from the Pedestal, 13. 9. Carl N. Degler, At Odds: Women and Family in America from the Revolution to thePresent(NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,1980),27;BarbaraLeslieEpstein,The Politics of Domesticity: Women, Evangelism, and Temperance in Nineteenth Century America (Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1981), 84, 149. 10. Kathryn Kish Sklar, Catharine Beecher: A Study in American Domesticity (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1973), xiv. 11. Coontz, Social Origins of Private Life, 252. 12. Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore, ed., Who Were the Progressives? (Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2002), 13. 13. Coontz, Social Origins of Private Life, 216. 14. Degler, At Odds, 283. 15. Coontz, Social Origins of Private Life, 218. 16. Barbara Welter, “Cult of True Womanhood, 1820–1860,” American Quarterly 23 (Summer 1966): 152. 17. Degler, At Odds, 349. 18. Milton M. Klein, ed., The Empire State: A History of New York (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2001), 438–39. 19. Aileen S. Kraditor, The Ideas of the Woman Suffrage Movement/1890–1920 (New York: Norton, 1981), vi. 20. Cora Maynard, “The Woman’s Part,” Arena 7 (March 1893): 476. Notes to Introduction 177 21. Lewis L. Gould, ed., The Progressive Era (Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 1974), 9; Robert H. Weibe, The Search for Order, 1877–1920 (New York: Wang and Hill, 1967), 141. 22. Gilmore, ed., Who Were the Progressives?, 3. 23. “The Anti-Suffragist,” New York Times, February 6, 1909; Margaret Doane Gardiner ,“TheMatriarchs,”NewYorkTimes,March12,1909;“TheVoiceoftheMajority,” Anti-Suffragist (September 1909): 3 (emphasis in the original); “One Reason Why We Oppose,” Anti-Suffragist 3, no. 1 (September 1910): 8. 24.Coontz, SocialOriginsofPrivateLife,336;MaryRyan,WomanhoodinAmerica: From Colonial Times to the Present, 3rd ed. (New York: Franklin Watts, 1975), 226–27. 25. Ryan, Womanhood in America, 197. 26. Morton Keller, Affairs of State: Public Life in Late Nineteenth Century America (Cambridge: Belknap, 1977), 285; Weibe, Search for Order, 164–70. 27. Kraditor, ed., Up from the Pedestal, 12–13. 28. Paula Baker, “The Domestication of Politics: Women and American Political Society, 1780–1920,” in Women, the State, and Welfare, ed. Linda Gordon (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1990), 74. 29. Estelle B. Freedman, “Separatism Revisited...