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List of Illustrations Figure 3.1 Southeastern Australia Sealing Grounds map. 62 Figure 4.1 Kanakas—Bundaberg District, circa 1897. 73 Figure 4.2 South Sea Islander women planting sugar cane by hand at Bingera, Queensland, circa 1897. 76 Figure 4.3 Kanaka women working in the sugar cane. 77 Figure 4.4 Group of South Sea Islander workers on a property in Cairns, circa 1890. 77 Figure 5.1 Thomas Jefferson and family at Lummi Indian Reservation home place. 93 Figure 5.2 George Boone and three women working Boone’s farm at Neptune Beach. 94 Figure 5.3 Solomon Balch and August Martin behind a group of women at a Lummi Fair spud-peeling contest. 95 Figure 5.4 Brown family of five posing for picture outside their home at Gooseberry Point. 97 Figure 6.1 Mary Joe, Violet Jeffries, Mary Anne Jeffries, Carrie Joe, and Madeline Joe rolling cedar sections, 1939. 105 Figure 6.2 Ellen Paul, Christine Julian, Janet Louie, and Mary Anne Jeffries, with a young boy, Val August, demonstrate cedar-root basket weaving, 1940. 106 Figure 6.3 Map of shíshálh territory within British Columbia, 2009. 109 Figure 6.4 Johnny Joe Dixon felling a tree, 1940. 116 Figure 7.1 Weaver Grace Joe, Red Valley, Arizona, October 1992. 121 Figure 7.2 “Pound” handspun and aniline-dyed wool rug produced circa 1905. Photograph taken in 1988. 123 Figure 9.1 Wally Dion, “Nurse Tracy,” 2005. Acrylic on wood panel, 48 × 38¾ inches. 148 Figure 9.2 Sealskin boots made by “Good Mrs. Lane” for Sir William MacGregor, 1907. 158 Figure 9.3 Fur coat with bone/ivory toggles made by “Good Mrs. Lane” for Sir William MacGregor, 1907. 158 Figure 9.4 (Unidentified) Indian women and children picking rocks near Davidson, Saskatchewan. 160 Figure 10.1 Susan Benedict, Ida Carmen, and Susie Walker working at the Minturn Vineyard Company/Sierra Vista Vineyards, circa 1910. 170 Figure 12.1 An unidentified Navajo woman working at a WPA mattressmaking project in Shiprock, New Mexico, 1940. 193 Figure 12.2 Navajo CCC workers build a diversion, Navajo Nation, Tuba City, Arizona. 195 Figure 12.3 Interior view of the Milwaukee Sewing Project. 198 Figure 12.4 Blackfeet women from the Browning WPA Sewing Group wearing garments they “renovated out of CCC clothing.” 201 Figure 13.1 Retirement card of Julia DeCora Lukecart (Winnebago/French). Lukecart’s career spanned from 1892 to 1932, and she was one of the few Native employees to receive a pension. 215 Figure 13.2 Civil service photograph of Katie Loulin Brewer. 221 viii List of Illustrations ...

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