Record Makers and Breakers: Voices of the Independent Rock 'n' Roll Pioneers

Part 5: Appendixes

5 Part Appendixes i-xvi_1-592_Brov.indd 481 11/19/09 10:45:19 AM i-xvi_1-592_Brov.indd 482 11/19/09 10:45:19 AM Appendix A U.S. Record Sales, 1921–69 300 600 900 1200 1500 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 Millions of dollars Rock ‘n’ Roll R&B/Hillbilly BMI launch Petrillo bans LP/45 launch Payola scandal Beatles/rock era Elvis Presley Alan Freed Dick Clark Prime independent record era, 1944-63 i-xvi_1-592_Brov.indd 483 11/19/09 10:45:19 AM 484 u.s. record sales, 1921–69 Sales in Annual Sales in Annual Millions Percent Millions Percent Year of Dollars Change Year of Dollars Change 1921 $106 –% 1922 92 –13.2% 1923 79 –14.1% 1924 68 –13.9% 1925 59 –13.2% 1926 70 +18.6% 1927 70 0% 1928 73 + 4.3% 1929 75 +2.7% 1930 46 –38.7% 1931 18 –60.9% 1932 11 –38.9% 1933 6 –45.5% 1934 7 +16.7% 1935 9 +28.6% 1936 11 +22.2% 1937 13 +18.2% 1938 26 +100% 1939 44 +69.2% 1940 48 +9.1% 1941 51 +6.3% 1942 55 +7.8% 1943 66 +20% 1944 66 0% 1945 109 +65.2% 1946 218 +100% 1947 224 +2.8% 1948 189 –15.6% 1949 173 –8.5% 1950 189 +9.2% 1951 199 +5.3% 1952 214 +7.5% 1953 219 +2.3% 1954 213 –2.7% 1955 277 +30% 1956 377 +36.1% 1957 460 +22% 1958 511 +11.1% 1959 603 +18% 1960 600 –0.5% 1961 640 +6.7% 1962 687 +7.3% 1963 698 +1.6% 1964 758 +8.6% 1965 862 +13.7% 1966 959 +11.3% 1967 1051 +9.6% 1968 1124 +6.9% 1969 1170 +4.1% Source: Recording Industry Association of America. Notes: As a latter-day comparison, for year 2005 the RIAA reported that manufacturers’ shipments totaled $10.5 billion. Cash Box noted on May 15, 1954, that these compilations, based on retail sales, were “valuable as indicating trends but are not a complete reflection of total record sales in the United States” (16). U.S. Record Sales, 1921–69 i-xvi_1-592_Brov.indd 484 11/19/09 10:45:19 AM i-xvi_1-592_Brov.indd 485 11/19/09 10:45:19 AM Seattle San Francisco Los Angeles Phoenix Denver Minneapolis Kansas City Oklahoma City Dallas Houston Little Rock Shreveport St. Louis Memphis Nashville Jackson Atlanta Miami Chicago Detroit Cincinnati Cleveland Pittsburgh Philadelphia Baltimore Washington Norfolk Richmond Charlotte Boston Buffalo Bridgeport New York Long Island Newark Raleigh Charleston Jacksonville Birmingham Baton Rouge Ville Platte Crowley Lake Charles San Antonio El Paso Lubbock Ft. Worth Gallatin Louisville Indianapolis Milwaukee Salt Lake City Las Vegas San Diego Oakland Portland New Orleans Broven: Record Makers 2nd proof Bill Nelson 6/26/08 Major city markets, recording centers, and record label domiciles i-xvi_1-592_Brov.indd 486 11/19/09 10:45:20 AM Appendix B Independent Record Distributors’ Network: 1946–48, 1954, 1960 Using Exclusive, Modern, Atlantic, and Chess-Checker-Argo as important label benchmarks, these listings illustrate the growth of the independent distributors’ network from its early jukebox distributor /operator beginnings in 1946 through the 1960 peak. As such, it is possible to discern the main markets and the key distributors. The principal contacts, where known, are listed in parentheses, but it should be remembered that there were constant personnel—and name—changes. Indeed, distribution companies came and went with regularity, as in any fast-moving and developing industry. Exclusive Records and Modern Records, December 1946 National Distributor Jack Gutshall Distributing Co. (Jack Gutshall), Los Angeles, CA Common Distributors Record Sales Inc. (Leon Levy), Birmingham, AL Jack Gutshall Dist. Co., San Diego, CA Melody Sales Co. (Tom Moyles), San Francisco, CA M. S. Distributing Co. (Milt Salstone), Chicago, IL Music Sales Co. (Robert D. Wynne), New Orleans, LA Becker Novelty Co. (Maurice Becker), Springfield, MA Pan American Record Distributors (Bernard Besman, John Kaplan), Detroit, MI Commercial Music Co., Kansas City, MO Commercial Music Co. (Jack Stengele), St. Louis, MO Runyon Sales Co. (Jack Mitnick, Bernard Sugarman), New York, NY David Rosen (David Rosen), Philadelphia, PA Music Sales Co. (E. H. Newell), Memphis, TN M. B. Krupp Distributors (M. B. Krupp), El Paso, TX Standard Music Distributors (H. M. Crowe, Sam Ayo), Houston...