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American religious pacifism is usually explained in terms of its practitioners' ethical and philosophical commitments. Patricia Appelbaum argues that Protestant pacifism, which constituted the religious center of the large-scale peace movement in the United States after World War I, is best understood as a culture that developed dynamically in the broader context of American religious, historical, and social currents.

Exploring piety, practice, and material religion, Appelbaum describes a surprisingly complex culture of Protestant pacifism expressed through social networks, iconography, vernacular theology, individual spiritual practice, storytelling, identity rituals, and cooperative living. Between World War I and the Vietnam War, she contends, a paradigm shift took place in the Protestant pacifist movement. Pacifism moved from a mainstream position to a sectarian and marginal one, from an embrace of modernity to skepticism about it, and from a Christian center to a purely pacifist one, with an informal, flexible theology.

The book begins and ends with biographical profiles of two very different pacifists, Harold Gray and Marjorie Swann. Their stories distill the changing religious culture of American pacifism revealed in Kingdom to Commune.

Table of Contents

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  1. Cover
  2. p. 1
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  1. Title Page, Copyright Page
  2. pp. 2-5
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  1. Contents and Illustrations
  2. pp. v-vii
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  1. Acknowledgments and Abbreviations
  2. pp. ix-xi
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  1. Introduction
  2. pp. 1-9
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  1. 1. “Character ‘Bad’”: HAROLD GRAY
  2. pp. 10-24
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  1. 2. From YMCA to CPS: PACIFIST SOCIAL NETWORKS
  2. pp. 25-44
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  1. 3. The Protestant Heart: PACIFIST THEOLOGY
  2. pp. 45-60
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  1. 4. The Pacifist Vernacular
  2. pp. 61-71
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  1. 5. Performing Pacifism: WORSHIP, PLAYS, AND PAGEANTS
  2. pp. 72-88
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  1. 6. Swords and Plowshares: PACIFIST ICONOGRAPHY
  2. pp. 89-109
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  1. 7. “The Practice of the Presence”: PACIFIST SPIRITUALITY
  2. pp. 110-127
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  1. 8. Training for Peace: RICHARD GREGG AND THE REALIGNMENT OF PACIFIST LIFE
  2. pp. 128-142
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  1. 9. Milking Goats for Peace: A NEW PARADIGM
  2. pp. 143-162
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  1. 10. “Victories without Violence”: PACIFIST STORIES
  2. pp. 163-183
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  1. 11. “Bad Mother”: MARJORIE SWANN
  2. pp. 184-202
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  1. Epilogue
  2. pp. 203-215
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  1. Appendix: HYMN TEXTS
  2. pp. 217-220
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  1. Notes
  2. pp. 221-279
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  1. Bibliography
  2. pp. 281-313
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  1. Index
  2. pp. 315-330
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