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An inventive study of relations between the National Guard and the Regular Army during World War II, Guard Wars follows the Pennsylvania National Guard's 28th Infantry Division from its peacetime status through training and into combat in Western Europe. The broader story, spanning the years 1939--1945, sheds light on the National Guard, the U.S. Army, and American identities and priorities during the war years. Michael E. Weaver carefully tracks the division's difficult transformation into a combat-ready unit and highlights General Omar Bradley's extraordinary capacity for leadership -- which turned the Pennsylvanians from the least capable to one of the more capable units, a claim dearly tested in the Battle of the Hürtgen Forest. This absorbing and informative analysis chronicles the nation's response to the extreme demands of a world war, and the flexibility its leaders and soldiers displayed in the chaos of combat.

Table of Contents

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  1. Cover
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  1. Contents
  2. pp. vii-viii
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  1. List of Maps
  2. p. ix
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  1. Acknowledgments
  2. p. xi
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  1. 1. Introduction: Background and Issues
  2. pp. 1-8
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  1. 2. Relations with the Army and State Identity
  2. pp. 9-33
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  1. 3. Readiness and Training: 1939–1941
  2. pp. 34-53
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  1. 4. Peacetime Maneuvers: 1939–1941
  2. pp. 54-77
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  1. 5. The Pennsylvania National Guard and American Society
  2. pp. 78-97
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  1. 6. Social Class, Recruiting, and Ideology
  2. pp. 98-112
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  1. 7. The October Purge
  2. pp. 113-126
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  1. 8. Stateside Training: 1942–1943
  2. pp. 127-155
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  1. 9. Training in Wales: 1943–1944
  2. pp. 156-168
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  1. 10. From Normandy to the West Wall
  2. pp. 169-186
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  1. 11. Battle of the H
  2. pp. 187-210
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  1. 12. Battle of the Bulge: Stubbornness and Flexibility
  2. pp. 211-242
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  1. 13. Winter Battles
  2. pp. 243-256
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  1. 14. Conclusion
  2. pp. 257-260
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  1. Appendix 1: The Execution of Private Slovik
  2. pp. 261-264
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  1. Appendix 2: The Reestablishment of the Pennsylvania National Guard
  2. p. 265
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  1. Notes
  2. pp. 267-341
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  1. Bibliography
  2. pp. 343-354
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  1. Index
  2. pp. 355-366
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