For "Children Who Vary from the Normal Type"
Special Education in Boston, 1838-1930
Publication Year: 2000
Published by: Gallaudet University Press
Cover
PART 1
1. Introduction
...A number of scholars and practitioners have strongly supported more inclusive or integrative approaches to educating such children. Bilden, Stainback and Stainback, Wang, Will, Ferguson, Skrtic, and others argue that while inclusion is a practical, effective approach to placement and instruction, more importantly, the ethical and legal considerations in the pursuit of true equity in education demand it. Others, such as Kauffman, ...
2. Boston 1630-1930: An Overview
In 1630 John Winthrop and his fellow English colonists established a settlement on a small, narrow peninsula extending into Massachusetts Bay. Over the next three hundred years this community, named Boston in honor of many of the settlers' hometown, would undergo a profound transformation from a quiet, seventeenth-century coastal village to a major twentieth-century metropolitan area. The city's physical geography would...
3. Building the Boston Public Schools
The long history of public education in Boston began in 1635 with the founding of the city's first public school. From this single institution (the original Boston Latin School, open to young men interested in the ministry), Boston developed a massive, highly organized system of public education designed to accommodate and instruct its school-age population. That system struggled constantly to gain the support of the general public...
4. The Emergence of Special Education
The profound and fundamental changes in public education that took place in Boston during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries reflected similar developments in public schools throughout the United States. The common school movement, the crusade for a businesslike efficiency in public school systems, and the rise of progressive education and child study were all national movements that dramatically affected the...
PART 2
5. Intermediate Schools and Ungraded Classes
The nineteenth century constituted a period of profound change for public schools in Boston as they adjusted their purposes and organization to suit the increasing social, cultural, and economic diversity of the city. The school leadership determined early in the century that the ideal of a common education for all of Boston's children was ill-advised in practice. Beginning in 1820, when the school system was small and loosely defined, ...
6. The Horace Mann School for the Deaf
Until the late 1860s, severely or totally deaf children in Boston had few opportunities for elementary education. Their disability prevented any substantive participation in public schools, and attendance at the closest residential institutions for deaf education (at Hartford, Connecticut and Northampton, Massachusetts) proved difficult for many, impossible for others. Opportunities for private instruction existed but were extremely...
7. Disciplinary Programs for the Boston Schools
The axiom that public schools represented a fundamental weapon in the battle against poverty and crime remained strong in Boston through the nineteenth century and into the twentieth. One result of this powerful and durable belief was the continued effort to bring into the public schools children whose public behavior and/or private life style allegedly threatened the stability and security of the city. Because supporters of public...
8. The Boston Special Classes
Elizabeth A. R. Daniels opened the first class designated specifically for "mentally defective" children in the Boston public school system on January 30, 1899. Between twelve and fifteen boys and girls attended the class held in room 9 of the Rice Schoolhouse on Appleton Street in the South End. Until December of that year, Daniels's class was the only one of its type in the entire school system. In just over twenty years, however, the...
9. Programs for Children with Other Disabilities or Special Needs, 1908-1930
The first two decades of the twentieth century were times of dramatic change in the Boston public school system. Between 1900 and 1920 that system, like most large urban American school systems, underwent the reorganization of top-level administration and the creation of a multitude of new departments and bureaus. In addition, a fundamental shift in the general curriculum toward vocational preparation of a large portion of the...
10. The Legacy of Special Education in Boston, 1838-1930
A primary purpose of this study has been to examine some of the early history of special education as a means to better understand the potential obstacles and opportunities inherent in a more inclusive approach to the education of public school students with disabilities. Looking at the origins of special education in Boston is a valuable process for two reasons: Boston's story reveals a wide range of theory and practice related to the...
E-ISBN-13: 9781563682162
E-ISBN-10: 1563682168
Print-ISBN-13: 9781563680892
Print-ISBN-10: 1563680890
Page Count: 220
Illustrations: 4 tables
Publication Year: 2000
OCLC Number: 47010614
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