Spatial Modeling of Social-Ecological Management Zones of the Ali'i Era on the Island of Kaua'i with Implications for Large-Scale Biocultural Conservation and Forest Restoration Efforts in Hawai'i

Figure 1.

The boundaries of the ahupua'a system of resource management for the island of Kaua'i. GIS boundaries and names are delineated by the "historic ahupua'a" layer provided by the State of Hawai'i, Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and distributed by the Hawai'i state GIS program (http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/). The different colors represent moku (districts), and the gray lines represent ahupua'a boundaries, each of which is identified by name. The ahupua'a used as a model in this study, Hā'ena, is in the northwest corner of the moku of Halele'a (indicated with a star).