Conventions and Abbreviations

Because there are so many editions of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, citations will be by book and chapter as well as by page number (referenced to the editions listed below). Thus a citation from The Fellowship of the Ring, book two, chapter four, page 318 is written (FR, II, iv, 318). References to the appendices of The Lord of the Rings are abbreviated by appendix, section, and subsection, so subsection iii of section I of Appendix A is written (RK, Appendix A, I, iii, 321). The Silmarillion indicates the body of stories and poems developed over many years by Tolkien; The Silmarillion indicates the volume first published in 1977. The “Abbreviations” below have been revised and expanded since previous issues.

Abbreviations

Works by Tolkien

ATB

The Adventures of Tom Bombadil. London: Allen & Unwin, 1962; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1963.

B&C

Beowulf and the Critics. Ed. Michael D. C. Drout. Rev. 2nd ed. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 402. Tempe, AZ: Arizona Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies, 2011.

Children

The Children of Húrin [title as on title page:] Narn i Chîn Húrin: The Tale of the Children of Húrin. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: HarperCollins; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2007.

FA

The Fall of Arthur. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: HarperCollins; Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013.

FGH

Farmer Giles of Ham. Ed. Christina Scull and Wayne G. Hammond. London: HarperCollins; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1999.

FR

The Fellowship of the Ring. London: Allen & Unwin; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1954. Second edition, revised impression, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987.

H

The Hobbit. London: Allen & Unwin, 1937. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1938. The Annotated Hobbit. Ed. Douglas A. Anderson. Second edition, revised. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2002.

Lays

The Lays of Beleriand. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: Allen & Unwin; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1985.

Letters

The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien. Ed. Humphrey Carpenter, with the assistance of Christopher Tolkien. London: Allen & Unwin; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1981.

Lost Road

The Lost Road and Other Writings. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: Unwin Hyman; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987.

LT I

The Book of Lost Tales, Part One. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: Allen & Unwin, 1983; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1984.

LT II

The Book of Lost Tales, Part Two. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: Allen & Unwin; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1984.

M&C

The Monsters and the Critics and Other Essays. London: Allen & Unwin, 1983; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1984.

Morgoth

Morgoth’s Ring. Edited by Christopher Tolkien. London: HarperCollins; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1993.

OFS

Tolkien On Fairy-stories: Extended Edition. Ed. Verlyn Flieger and Douglas A. Anderson. London: HarperCollins, 2008.

Peoples

The Peoples of Middle-earth. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: HarperCollins; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1996.

RK

The Return of the King. London: Allen & Unwin 1955; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1956. Second edition, revised impression, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987.

S

The Silmarillion. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: Allen & Unwin; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977. Second edition. London: HarperCollins, 1999; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001.

Sauron

Sauron Defeated. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: HarperCollins; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1992.

S&G

The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: HarperCollins; Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2009.

Shadow

The Return of the Shadow. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: Unwin Hyman; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988.

Shaping

The Shaping of Middle-earth. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: Allen & Unwin; Boston Houghton Mifflin, 1986.

Smith

Smith of Wootton Major: Extended Edition. Ed. Verlyn Flieger. London: HarperCollins, 2005.

T&L

Tree and Leaf. London: Unwin Books, 1964; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1965. Expanded as Tree and Leaf, including the Poem Mythpoeia [and] The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm’s Son. London: HarperCollins, 2001.

TT

The Two Towers. London: Allen & Unwin, 1954; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1955. Second edition, revised impression, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987.

Treason

The Treason of Isengard. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: Unwin Hyman; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1989.

UT

Unfinished Tales of Númenor and Middle-earth. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: Allen & Unwin; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1980.

WJ

The War of the Jewels. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: HarperCollins; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1994.

WR

The War of the Ring. Ed. Christopher Tolkien. London: Unwin Hyman; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1990.

Reference Works

A&I...