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SOCIAL STUDIES 539 of the effect of technology, of the value of a local identity in armies, of the growth of national pride. Mr. Frost has distinct views on all these things. Many of them are practical rules of thumb rather than theoretical or scientilic analyses. They reveal the mind of a practising statesman and politician ratber tban of a scholar. But they are extremely valuable as raw material for further thought and discussion. The last 1967 book of Canadian military interest to be considered bere is John Windsor's The Mouth of the Wolf (Sidney, B.C.: Gray's Publishing, 224, $5.50), the story of George Paterson, a young Canadian who, when an escaped prisoner of war in Italy, learned Italian and became a secret agent in enemy territory. The author was an R.M.G ex-cadet who was blinded in a tank in Italy. His autobiography Blind Date had shown that he could write compelling prose, the sort that cannot be put down until the last page is reached. This new book has been anticipated by many other accounts of underground activity and prisoner-of-war narratives. It lacks new drama. But it is told with professional skill. And it is not fiction. The Mouth of the Wolf rekindles the emotional experiences of brave men who risked their lives for the sake of adventure or of principle. It reveals the hollowness of the assertion of ruthless autocracy over a people who are not completely convinced . It overSimplifies right and wrong, as war always does. But it points to the moral that justice and fairness foster morale and stamina. ( RICHARD A. PRESTON) EDUCATION The output of profeSSional analyses and histories of education tbis year shows the impact of the Ontario Institute of Education and of Canada's centennial. In my view, however, the most signilicant of all- for education in Canada, indeed for Canada as a nation- is the Report of the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism: General. Introduction and Book I, The Official Languages/Rapport de la Commission royale d'enq~te sur Ie bilinguisme et Ie biculturalisme: Introductirm generale et Livre I, Les Langues officielles ( Ottawa: Queen's Printer, Iii, 212, pa. $3.). If the Canadian Confederation is to develop "on the basis of an equal partnership between the two founding races"-tbe goal set in tbe terms 540 LETTERS IN CANADA of reference of the Commission-every possible provision must be made for linguistic equality. The model for the predominantly English-speaking provinces is that they should provide for Francophones what Quebec provides for Anglophones. . In a chapter on "Language Rights in Canada: The Legal Foundations ," there is a brief discussion of language rights in the school system. Here we £nd the key statement that ({education is the front line of defence for the language and hence for the cultural existence of a people" (67). The B.N.A. Act, we are reminded, protects denominational rights but not specifically language rights. De facto rights exceed de jure rights in the provinces but are inadequate. After having proposed the basis of bilingualism, the Commissioners devote a short chapter to the implications for education: IIIn the officially bilingual provinces [Quebec, New Brunswick, and Ontario], then, there will be complete and parallel systems of education in French and English, from the elementary schools through the institutions of higher learning" (124). In the other provinces, "minority-language schools • . ; will be provided 'wherever the minority group in a community is large enough, in the judgement of the prOvincial authorities, to warrant a school" (128). Another feature of this volume which is of spedal inter~st to educationists is the appended ((Report of the Director of Research." Here Michael Oliver tells of the vast unknown territory into which he and his many colleagues-on staff and on contract-plunged. Project after project was the first in its field. Designs and methods were more often than not innovative. Theirs was a major contribution, not only to the work of the Commission but also to social science research generally. This Report is not likely to be given a library classification under the rubric Heducation ," but it may well be the most...

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