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REVIEWS alloy, of which the metallic rim was one-third of an inch wide and one-sixth of an inch thick, could carry at the temperature of 1.2 degrees above the absolute zero no less than fifty thousand amperes of current, and if the . ring were continuously immersed in liquid heliu1n, the diminution of current with time would be so small that at the end of five years su.flicient would remain to ring a door-bell. In the l;oronto laboratory attention has also . been given to compounding alloys which have high, instead of low, superconducting temperatures, with the result that the highest temperature yet found-about ten degrees above the absolute zero-for the appearance of this phenomenon, has been discovered. This fact suggests the possibility, it is feared a remote one, that an alloy with superconducting power at ordinary temperatures might ultimately be developed, a discovery which would revolutionize those 1nethods of generation and transmission of electric energy which are now developed on so vast a scale. ECONOMICS FOR DEMOS* H. A. INNIS . The interest created by the annual meetings of the Canadian Political Science Association has served to *Canadian Problems as seen by Twenty Outstanding Men of Canada, Oxford University Press (papers delivered at the Conservative Summer School, held at Newmarket, 1933). The Liberal Way, a Record of Opinion on Canadian Problems as expressed and discussed at the First Liberal Summer Conference, Port Hope, September, 1933, J. M. Dent and Sons. Recovery by Control, a Diagnosis and Analysis of the Relations between Business and Gouernment in Canada, by Francis Hankin and T. W. L. MacDermot, J. M. Dent and Sons. The Definite National Purpose, by W. H. Moore, Macmillans in Canada. Contributions to Canadian Economics, vol. VI, 1933, University of Toran to Press. ยทยท Papers and Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Meeting of tlu Canadian Political Science Association, val. V, 1933, Jack.son Press (Kingston). THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO QUARTERLY stimulate conferences dealing chiefly with economic subjects; and with the prospect of elections, political parties have been quick to note the general trend. The post-war period has been characterized by the emergence of the conference, :first as a result of the exhaustion and then of the reviving idealism subsequent to the War. Still more recently, the conference idea has been losing prestige in Europe coincidently with the coming of age of the War generation and the growth of the youth movement . In Canada, on the other hand, the conference movement has been quickened by the fresh. interests of youth and also by the depression. The published proceedings of political summer schools, in spite of, or because of, careful editing fail to convey the warm atmosphere of the meetings. Genial conviviality shines from the references to banquets and from the photographs in the Liberal publication. One of the best addresses of the Conservative school (by Mr. Earl Lawson) was omitted, while what must obviously have been a worst speech was included in one volume, and from the other it is enough to select one choice statement: that "every time a man acquired a new language he was developing a layer of brain cells, so that if he could speak fourteen languages or thirty-two languages, it really meant that he had developed that many layers of brain cells." That refuge of weak minds the argumentum ad hominem is conspicuous, and in both volumes, to quote one speaker, "parrot cries are heard on all hands." Both parties have been careful to suggest that they do not assume responsibility for the conclusions advanced in the various papers, and it is difficult to isolate underlying policies. At the Conservative school arguments were presented against the wheat agreement, and at the Liberal school in favour of it. Professor R. M. Maciver)s 390 REVIEWS statement that "the liberal seeks to discover and keep the good and remove the evil" does not differ from the emphasis of Mr. Bennett and Mr. Macaulay on Tennyson's lines, That man is the true Conservative That lops the mouldered branch away. French Canada was represented at both schools. Women were not present at the Conservative meetings. Speakers at 'Newmarket were drawn largely from members...

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