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234 Reviews pages in the books or articles alluded to by Calin. The index inspires partial confidence in that it includes authors,tides,and subjects. However, the pious scholar will look in vain for 'prayers' or 'devotional texts' and the enamoured of lays will be vexed that Chevrefoil, Lanval, Laiistic, and Yonec, do not appear in their ownright,but have been gathered unto Marie de France. Some hagiographies have also disappeared under authorial umbrellas. Would that unskilled readers might know to look for them there! The in-house editors of the University of Toronto Press should keep a tighter supervision over vagaries of this kind. K. V. Sinclair James Cook University Carlson, David R., English humanist books: writers and patrons, manuscript and print, 1475-1525, Toronto/Buffalo/London, University of Toronto Press, 1993; cloth; pp. x, 275; 32 plates; R.R.P. US$55.00. This work is a welcome addition to research on neglected aspects of early Tudor humanism. Through a somewhat miscellaneous study of early humanist books, their mode of publication, and their intended audiences, Carlson presents a view of how humanism in England became selfsustaining . He argues that in order for humanists to practice the profession of letters they needed patrons and in order to attract patrons they had to be noticed. He takes a series of litde known texts designed to attract the attention of patrons, and uses them as case studies of the period in which English humanism acquired its critical mass. Some of these texts are by famous authors such as More and Erasmus, but others are by lesser lights such as Andrd and Carmeliano, and some are by forgotten writers such as Alberacci. Their modes of publication were as various. Some were presented in unique copies to a dedicatee. Some were circulated in manuscript. Some were seen through the press by their authors or their agents. Others were simply pirated by printers. Carlson provides details on all these matters and on the material, size, print or script, and layout of the books in question, as well as synopses of their content. H e has already published some of thetextselswhere but here we have the stuff of history and interpretation. In other words, Carlson gives a snapshot, a synchronic sampling, of the works by which humanists entrenched diemselves in early Tudor England rather than a diachronic history of the early Tudor book. Reviews 235 Given his focus on patronage, there is an emphasis on court politics in his discussions of Andr6 and particularly Carmeliano. Strangely, however, the more striking political aspects of More's Epigrammata are overlooked. Moreover, Carlson seems to equivocate about More's reasons for the ultimate form of the 1518 edition of his work, a publishing decision in which More had limited say. W a s it issued to magnify the reputation of its author? Undoubtedly! But this was not the book of a nobody at this stage of More's career, so we need more information about how the enhancement of reputation lay behind the appearance of the Epigrammata and of the part of Erasmus in its publication. This point should not be taken as adverse criticism. Carlson's study of minor texts helpsfillthe interstices in the story of Tudor humanism and one often wishes that he was more expansive. There is an interlocking of writers, promoters, patrons, and printers to form a publishing culture which is fascinating, but for all that, somewhat abstracted from social context. All in all, this is a readable and informative study which will be of value to any student of English humanism. The work contains several useful black and white illustrations of the texts discussed, and is free of typographical errors. Damian Grace School of Social Work University of N e w South Wales Cberchi, Paolo, Andreas and the ambiguity of courtly love, Toronto/Buffalo/London, University of Toronto Press, 1994; cloth; pp. xv, 194; R.R.P. CAN$50.00. This powerfully argued volume provides a new reading of the De amore of Andreas Capellanus. In the process it affirms the views of various critics of the last thirty years, such as D. W . Robertson, E. T. Donaldson, and F. L. Uttley, all...

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