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BRIEF NOTICES 497 Estudios filológicos y lingüísticos: homenaje a Ángel Rosenblat en sus 70 años. Caracas: Instituto Pedagógico, 1974. Pp. 565. Among the linguists contributing to this publication are Joan Coraminas, Rafael Lapesa, Tomás Navarro Tomás, Juan M. Lope Blanch, Ana Maria Barrenechea, and Manuel Alvar. Coraminas, writing in French, presents an interesting explanation for the treatment of Middle French [we]—which becomes [e] in many instances, before converting to [wa]—based on certain Hispanic linguistic developments and on the vocalism of Middle French. Lapesa offers a synchronicdiachronic study dealing with the frequent absence of the determiners (articles and demonstratives) in Spanish. Navarro Tomás expertly unfolds some truly enlightening ideas in the area of linguistics applied to the written word, as he explains how Benito Pérez Galdós, in his Fortunata y Jacinta, was able to suggest varying patterns ofintonation in the characters' speech by endowing them with distinct personality traits—which, when astutely combined with descriptive modifiers, allow the reader to 'hear' the musical components of the intonation contours unique to each person. For those interested in the phenomenon of borrowing, Lope Blanch has contributed a delightful account, complete with frequency charts, of some indigenous words used among the upper classes of Mexico. As one would expect, more words were taken from Náhuatl than from other Indian languages. Barrenechea writes a concise yet rather detailed analysis of the intriguing problem of possible semantic gradations or nuances which exist along an imaginary continuum spanning the two poles of the concept of 'opposition' in language. She attempts to prove that a certain 'semantic slippage' along the Opposition continuum' can trigger a change in syntactic function. Working with the coordinators y, pero, o, ni, and sino, sheconcludesthatchangesinmeaning do take place, according to her theories, both when the same coordinator appears in different contexts and when different coordinators are used in the same context. Alvar, basing his work on the results of the Linguistic Atlas of Sevilla (1958) and on later linguistic surveys made in southern Spain, contributes a fine sociolinguistic study dealing with many of the linguistic peculiarities found in and around Sevilla, and presenting conclusions about these peculiarities as they appear or disappear among the various social classes of the area. The volume concludes with Rosenblat's complete bibliography, compiled by Maria Josefina Tejera—a most impressive body of scholarly publications, which adds the final touch of grace to this homage rendered to a most distinguished and revered man of letters. [William W. Meoenney, University of California, Riverside.] Bibliography of Arabic linguistics. By M. H. Bakalla. London: Mansell, 1975. Pp. xxxvii, 312. £13.95. [Distributed by International Scholarly Book Services, Beaverton, Oregon; $32.00.] This is a partially annotated bibliography of articles, books, reviews, theses, dissertations etc., 'covering all the subjects and branches of linguistics relating to Arabic', including both the classical language and the modern dialects. Originally intended to includeonlyworkspublished afterJ. Prochazka's Selected bibliography of Arabic, 1960-1967, it nevertheless includes many earlier works. It is divided into two parts: (1) sources in Western languages, and (2) sources in Oriental languages (primarily Modern Arabic). Each part is organized alphabetically by author. Part 1 is rather sketchily annotated, but Part 2 offers more detail. There follow a 'General subject index', a more detailed 'Analytical subject index', then indices of 'Co-authors and Co-editors', 'Editors', 'Reviewers', and 'Arabic authors'. This bibliography lists several works which would be most difficult to find anywhere else, especially masters' and doctors' theses, and numerous publications in modern Arabic; the latter make the book particularly useful. However, although a large number of works published before 1967 are included, the coverage is not meant to be complete; and several important articles are missing. Also, Bakalla specifically excludes works already listed either in Prochazka or in H. Sobelman's Arabic dialect studies: a selected bibliography (1962). It would have been more useful to include the material already in Prochazka; as matters now stand, a researcher will at times ...

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