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756 LANGUAGE, VOLUME 54, NUMBER 3 (1978) 32), John Rea's 'Linguistic speculations of Edward Brerewood, 1566-1613' (257-62), Thomas A. Sebeok's '"Semiotics" and its congeners' (283-96), Rudolph C. Troike's 'Lest the wheel be too oft re-invented: towards a re-assessment of the intellectual history of linguistics' (297-304), John T. Waterman's 'G. W. Leibniz: a 17th-century etymologist' (399-406), and Rulon S. Wells' 'Deciphering in linguistics: a 19th-century episode' (407-12). Historiographers oflinguistics will, then, find special profit in making a trip to the library to consult this book. The names of two contributors have been mis-spelled in the table of contents; elsewhere, however, typographical errors seem to be few. [William Bright, UCLA.] Classification and index of the world's languages. By C. F. and F. M. Voegelin. New York: Elsevier, 1977. Pp. 658. $39.50. This work is based in part on the authors' earlier survey, 'Languages of the world', which appeared in Anthropological linguistics from 1964 to 1966, and on an NDEA contract report which had limited circulation in 1973. The body of the book is an alphabetic listing of language 'classes', i.e. genetic groupings (9-358) ; these are on all levels ofclassification, so that there are entries for Indo-Aryan, for the higher-order Indo-Iranian, and for the still higher-order Indo-European (with crossreferences ). For each class, information is given on the member languages, including location, population, history, occasional sociolinguistic comment, and notes on disputed or unproved genetic affiliations. Following a section of bibliographic references (359-83), the index gives a long list of names (and alternative names) for tribes, dialects, languages, and language groupings, referring each one to its 'class' entry in the body of the book. In a work of such scope, experts will inevitably find points that can be criticized; e.g., in the Dravidian family (p. 126), I have never heard before that Malayalam is 'considered by some to be a dialect of Tamil'. What is important, however, is the generally high level of accuracy and completeness which is attained by this book. It will be especially useful in unraveling the ambiguous and inconsistent language names which continue to plague researchers—e.g., the index clarifies that Nguru is (a) a dialect of Banda, an Adamawa-Eastern language of Central Africa; (b) a dialect of Kara, a Central Sudante language; (c) a synonym of Lomwe, a South Eastern Bantu language; (d) a synonym of Ngulu, a Central Eastern Bantu language; and (e) a synonym of another Ngulu, a South Eastern Bantu language. In brief, the Voegelins have produced a definitive reference book, without competition in its field. [William Bright, UCLA.] Grundzüge der Sprachtypologie: Methodik , Empirie und Systematik der Sprachen Europas. By Harald Haarmann . (Urban-Taschenbücher, 242.) Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1976. Pp. 160. In this useful book, Haarmann discusses in four chapters language typology as a field (8-42), typology as language classification (43-64), subsystems in European languages from the typological point of view (65-103), and the distinctive units within these European subsystems (104-53). A bibliography, including many items in Russian, follows (154-60); there are no indices. H argues that the discipline is not really ready yet for an over-all classification of languages as suggested, e.g., by W. von Humboldt's extreme 'isolating' 'agglutinative ', 'inflecting', and 'incorporating' language types. According to Haarmann, it must come from an integrating description of the Ganzsysteme, based on the analysis of the significant Teilsysteme, for which he lists phonological, morphological, and syntactic (but no semantic or lexical) properties (62-3). He illustrates such analyses by taking up pronominal deixis, and particularly tense/ aspect/mood types within the verbal systems of 'European' languages, i.e. Indo-European, Uralic, Altaic, Maltese, and Basque. He lists features common to these languages as Europeme. Haarmann's informative account discusses and quotes freely from other pertinent studies, e.g. that of G. Altmann and W. Lehfeldt (Munich, 1973). His German style is lucid and not flawed by English jargon. [Herbert Penzl, Berkeley.] ...

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