Word, Church, and State: Tyndale Quincentenary Essays ed. by John T. Day and Eric Lund and Anne M. O'Donnell, S.N.D. (review)

626BOOK REVIEWS text in order to produce an updating of what was then and is now the standard English-language synthesis about Spain's notorious Holy Office. For example, Kamen's first chapter is entirely new, while his second, although approximately the same length as before,has expanded from 48 footnotes to 1 13, primarily because of the volume of work commemorating the 500th anniversary of the expulsion of Spanish Jewry. Other chapters about topics less intensively studied in recent years have been less thoroughly reworked, but even those on the Moriscos or on inquisitorial trials and punishments have kept only half of the earlier text and footnotes. Kamen's bibliography includes thirty titles published since 1985, and his notes suggest how often he has drawn information from some recent authors, including the father of Israel's former prime minister and also this reviewer. Diligent as he is, however, even Kamen can't read everything, and his bibliography omits a few important recent books, includingJaime Contreras ' Sotos contra Riquelmes (Madrid, 1992) or Stephen Haliczer's Sexuality in the Confessional (NewYork, 1996). A great deal of Kamen's earlier arguments remain from his previous book, usually in reinforced form; he simply jettisons outdated information. His most fundamental thesis (implicit in the title of his 1985 book) lies near the end: An enormous amount of data has been produced by researchers, but only limited progress has been made towards understanding the social or ideological conditions in which the Holy Office operated. ... In reality, . . . the Inquisition was only a product of the society it served (p. 318). William Monter Northwestern University Word, Church, and State: Tyndale Quincentenary Essays. Edited by John T. Day, Eric Lund, and Anne M. O'Donnell, S.N.D. (Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press. 1998. Pp. xxiv, 343. $3995.) This volume is a collection of essays originally presented as papers at the Washington International Conference that celebrated the 500th anniversary of Tyndale's birth QuIy 14-17, 1994). It is to be noted that the past decade has seen a resurgence and harvest of Tyndale studies—one cannot speak of a renascence for an author who was so much neglected, save for C. S. Lewis's memorable discussion in English Literature in the Sixteenth Century Excluding Drama (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1954), and Norman Davis's Chambers Memorial Lecture at University College, London, in 1971, analyzing Tyndale's English of Controversy. There have been significant contributions since 1994, which lie outside the scope of this review. But these landmarks in Tyndale studies must be noted: David Daniell's modern-spelling texts of Tyndale's New Testament (1989) and Tyndale's Old Testament (1992), and Gerald Hammond's assessment of Tyndale's growth as a biblical translator, in The Making of the English Bible (NewYork: Philosophical Library, 1982). (See the survey of recent BOOK REVIEWS627 contributions in the introduction by Anne M. O'Donnell, S.N.D., in the volume under review, pp. xii-xxii.) Word, Church, and State is well organized, and the papers are appropriately divided into three sections. I, "Tyndale and the Word," with essays by David Daniell, Gerald Hammond, and Brian Cummings on Tyndale's translations, followed by three studies in Tyndalian hermeneutics: Mary Jane Barnett on allegory , Matthew DeCoursey on the semiotics of narrative in The Obedience ofa Christian Man, and Douglas H. Parker on Tyndale's biblical hermeneutics. This section is concluded with three—how much symbolism rests upon the number three!—essays called pastoral applications: William S. Stafford on Tyndale's Voice to the Laity, Peter Auksi's essay on Tyndale's use of folk wisdom, and Rudolph P Almasy on Tyndale Menedemus, which subscribes to the thesis of Richard Y Duerden that "thinking allegorically or analogically is so natural for Tyndale that for him allegory is literal. Analogy structures the very grammar of his thought." Section II, "Theological and Ecclesiastical Conflicts and Comparisons," has two sections. A, "The Old Church and the New Church," with contributions by Germain Marc'hadour comparing Tyndale and Fisher's 1521 Sermon against Luther; John T. Day, comparing Tyndale and Frith on Tracy's Will and Justification ; Eric Lund writing on Tyndale and...