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BOOK REVIEWS 279 In "Printing and Politics: Carlo Borromeo and the Seminary Press of Milan" (pp. 97—133), Kevin Stevens examines the brief history of the printing press which Borromeo established at the seminary of Milan in 1576 under the direction of Michel Tini. The project was designed to meet the increasing demand for educational, devotional, and liturgical material, and to gain independence from secular control. In March, 1580, the Spanish governor of Milan raided the premises and imprisoned Tini for publishing bans of excommunication without the approval of the Senate. Borromeo's contract with Tini was terminated later in 1 580, falling victim not so much to the jurisdictional struggle between Borromeo and the governor as to economic factors. In "Mercato Iibrario e letture devote nella svolta del Cinquecento tridentino " (pp. 135-246) Danilo Zardin analyzes the inventory of books possessed by the nuns of convent of Santa Caterina alia Chiusa in 1581. Zardin assesses the cultural level of the nuns and the role of the printed word in the convent, and provides abundant notes on the 1 39 entries listed in the inventory. The final essay (pp. 247-277), by Riccardo Bottoni, examines Borromeo's policy on the use of the printed word in lay confraternities. While Borromeo encouraged spiritual reading and specifically recommended the works of Luis of Granada, Gaspar Loarte, and Ludovico Pittorio, he discouraged discussions of church dogma and of the scriptures by the lay membership. In sum, this collection is a valuable addition to the study of Borromean reform and a mine of information on the educational and devotional works printed at Milan and used by its clergy, nuns, and laity. The essays are thorough, the documentation meticulous, and, as the editors note, there is promise of more to come. Thomas Deutscher St. Thomas More College University ofSaskatchewan Index de l'Inquisition Espagnole, 1583, 1584. Edited by J. M. De Bujanda, with the assistance of René Davignon, EIa Stanek, and Marcella Richter. [Index des Livres Interdits, Volume VL] (Sherbrooke: Centre d'études de la Renaissance, Éditions de l'Université de Sherbrooke. 1993. Pp. 1246.) In this especially large volume the established pattern of the series is essentially maintained. Despite its length, however, the volume is unable to reproduce in its entirety the 1 584 list of passages to be expurgated in works not totally prohibited. The introduction discusses the genesis of the 1583 Spanish Index associated with Quiroga's tenure of the office of Inquisitor General. The intention of the Spanish Inquisition to maintain the distinction of the Spanish Index from any Roman document was clear from the start. Yet 280 BOOK REVIEWS in expanding on previous Spanish lists considerably, the commission of peninsular scholars apparently involved in preparing a new Index was not working in absolute isolation. Awareness of die foundations for a new Index laid by die Council of Trent was natural, tiiough diis edition makes clear where Tridentine or Roman principles were not followed, as for example over die category of immoral as opposed to heretical works. The long period of gestation , however, seems to have permitted a crucial, late intervention by the Jesuit Mariana, influential in Quiroga's circles. While Mariana's intervention, based on his acute knowledge of recent European publications in a variety of languages, expanded die evolving Index, as is persuasively argued here, it also brought the emerging document into greater, though not absolute or uncritical , conformity widi Roman prohibitions. Anodier fascinating effect of die events in which Quiroga was involved as die 1 580's began, widi die Spanish succession to die Portuguese dirone, was apparently an effort to achieve some convergence between die new Spanish and existing Portuguese lists. Here die editors are clear that diey cannot prove dieir case in detail, but rightly suggest that diis probability deserves further research. In some respects the apparent interventions ofMariana, approved by Quiroga, softened die attitude to specific works or even categories, when compared widi earlier lists, not least Spanish. But peculiarities of die Spanish Index, nevertheless, survived, such as die utter condemnation of vernacular Books of Hours. The variety of sources used by die Spanish commission in revising the Spanish Index embraced die Louvain Index, not...

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