Recherches linguistiques sur les chansonniers provençaux (review)

Reviews155 More important still, these translations open new doorsfor scholars examining broad ideological questions about the mentalité médiévale. In the pastourelle genre we glimpse the medieval construction of gender, the creation of a discourse of sexual violence, and the medieval representation ofa new discourse on social class. Kathryn Gravdal Columbia University Works Cited Audiau, Jean, éd.LaPastourelledanslapoésieoccitanedumoyen âge. Paris, 1923. Rprt. Geneva: Droz, 1973; Marseille: Laffitte, 1980. Bartsch, Karl, éd. Romances etpastourellesfrançaisesdesXIIeet XIIIesiècles: Altfranzosische Romanzen undPastourellen. Leipzig, 1870. Rprt. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1967. Rivière, Jean-Claude, ed. Pastourelles. 3 vols. Geneva: Droz, 1974-76. ***** François Zufferey. Recherches linguistiques sur les chansonniers provençaux. Publications Romanes et Françaises, 176. Genève: Droz, 1987. Pp. xiv, 380. The importance ofFrançois Zufferey's Lausanne thesis for Occitanistscanbejudgedbythefrequencywithwhichitisalready beingcitedintheliterature: inareviewofJosephLinskill'srecent critical edition of the letters of Guiraut Riquier ("Sprachliches und Lexikalisches zu Guiraut Riquier und zur Troubadourhandschrift R," 104), Max Pfister regrets Linskill's lackofaccesstoZufferey's characterization ofthelanguageofms. R. In contrastwith Brunei's classicBibliographie, with its 95 mss., Zufferey champions a restricted definition of chansonnier, an original ms. containing a significant number of lyric poems. He thus eliminates (i) 14th-15th c. mss. (see his Bibliographie des poètesprovençauxdesXTVe etXVesiècles, (ii) allbuttwo copies of 156Reviews ms. F, (iii) French and Catalan mss. containing Provençal lyrics, and (iv) mss. containingone ortwo lyrics only. AmongZufferey's 40 mss. are 34 on parchment, including ten fragments; two on {)aper; and four paper copies of lost chansonniers. He has folowed , with few exceptions, the traditional system of assigning sigla. The introduction callsfordiplomatic editions ofall Provençal chansonniers; ideally, each transcribed page would be accompanied by a photo on the facing page. The diplomatic editions in Zufferey's Appendix I are thus organized: (i)A', with photos of folios 71 and 88; (ii) K, with photo of fol. 1 (Udine, Bibl. Arcivescovile , Cod. frag. 1, 265); (iii)IC',withreproductions offolios 1 and 2; and (iv)/?, picturing folios 1 and 2. Appearing without photographs, App. II provides chansonnier e; and App. Ill, the Madrid fragment. Zuffereyargues thatrespect for graphic units and the distribution of texts into columns is crucial; vidas which have been added to mss. in the spaces between lyrics, for example, create divergences ofwording or graphy. Evenveryrecent editionshave contributed to the loss oftextual integrity; Zuffereyworks out the readingof"giaganomenciers"(fromArnautDaniel's^mo/sejois e Iocs e terns [P-C 29, 1]), not to Perugi's incomprehensible "gio ganom"(LeCanzonediArnautDaniel,471),butratherto"jano'm enquiers '. Here, adverbialgia/ga is explainable by its position at aline break-hence Zufferey's insistence that ms. layout be specified . The 40manuscripts chosenbyZufferey havebeen arranged into five chapters. Chapter 1, "La Tradition auvergnate et son prolongement vènete," examines the more northern of the two manuscript traditions, with a further breakdown according to degree ofmorphological regularization. "Unified"orregularized mss. include/? (Paris, Bibl. Nat., fr. 1592);A (Rome, Bibl. Apost. Vat.,lat.5232); andthefragment'(Paris,Bibl. Nat.fr., 12474[fol. 269] and Ravenna, Bibl. Class., 165 [= fol. 881 B-A-A', whose copyists all appear to have come from southernFrance, belongto the group of chansonniers which open with poems by Pierre d'Auvergneor,lessoften, GuirautdeBorneil. Bistheoldestofthe three, dating from the second half of the 13th century; the man responsible for B worked in the region of Aurillac, while the scribes ofA and A' can be shown to have worked in the Venice area. These three mss. represent different states of a common source-an ensemble oftexts sometimes known by the sigla epsi- Reviews157 /on-which canbelocalizedin the area ofAuvergne/Velay/Vivarais/ Gévaudan. A copyist working in the Venice region was responsible for£"(Paris, Bibl. Nat., naf. 23789), which also fits into this tradition; an addition to K" known here asK"2 is the work ofyet anotherhand. Alinguistic studyofK'2completes the first halfof Chap. 1. Inthe "non-unified"traditionrepresentedhereby« andthe secondsectionofO,scribalinterventionswerepurposelykepttoa minimum-"perpaor q'ieunon peiuresl'obra' , as theAuvergnat cleric Bernart Amoros (fi. before 1317) wrote in his preliminary notice. Zufferey has succeeded in reconstituting almost entirely chansonniera,usingJacquesTeissier's 1589copy,Teissier'slistof 116poemsnotincluded, andvarious othersources. Ms. O (Rome, Bibl. Vat., lat. 3208) offers a partial copy ofa, made in northern...