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  • The Development of Rice Culture in 18th Century Georgia
  • Douglas C. Wilms* (bio)
Douglas C. Wilms

Mr. Wilms is assistant professor of geography at East Carolina University.

Footnotes

(1) For a more complete discussion of the role of relic features in historical geography see: H. C. Prince, "Historical Geography," in Proceedings of the 20th International Geographical Congress, J. Wreford Watson, ed., William Clowes and Sons, Ltd., London, 1967, pp. 164-172.

(2) Calculated from air photos, scale 1:63,360; Courtesy of the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, Georgia State Office, Athens, Georgia.

(3) Callaway, James E., The Early Settlement of Georgia, University of Georgia Press, Athens, 1948, p. 30.

(4) Ramsay, David, The History of South Carolina, Charleston, 1809, p. 205.

(5) Tailfer, Patrick, A True and Historical Narrative of the Colony of Georgia, Charles Town, 1741, in George P. Humphrey, Colonial Tracts, No. 4, Rochester, N. Y., 1897, p. 25.

(6) Ibid., p. 43.

(7) Ibid., p. 22.

(8) Quoted in Callaway, op. cit., p. 32.

(9) Phillips, U. B., American Negro Slavery, Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1966, p. 94.

(10) Candler, Allen D., Colonial Records of Georgia, XXV, Atlanta, 1904-1916, p. 295.

(11) Heath, Milton Sydney, Constitutional Liberalism: The Role of the State in Economic Development in Georgia to 1860, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1954, p. 40.

(12) Callaway, op. cit., p. 40.

(13) Coulter, Ellis M., Wormsloe: Two Centuries of a Georgia Family, University of Georgia Press, Athens, 1955, p. 22.

(14) Abbot, W. W., The Royal Governors of Georgia 1754-1775, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 1959, p. 17.

(15) De Brahm, John G. W., History of the Province of Georgia, Wymberly Jones De Renne, Wormsloe, Georgia, 1849, p. 21.

(16) Jones, Charles C., The History of Georgia, Houghton, Mifflin and Co., Boston, 1883, p. 494.

(17) Van Doren, Mark, ed., Travels of William Bartram, Dover Publications, New York, 1955, p. 36.

(18) Ibid., p. 42-44.

(19) Gray, Lewis, History of Agriculture in the Southern United States to 1860, Vol. I, Carnegie Institute Publication No. 430, Washington, 1933, p. 279.

(20) Because inland rice production remained until 1800, the two systems existed simultaneously for nearly 40 years.

(21) Thayer, Theodore, ed., "Nathaniel Pendleton's 'Short Account of the Sea Coast of Georgia in Respect to Agriculture, Shipbuilding, Navigation, and the Timber Trade,'" Georgia Historical Quarterly, Vol. 41, 1957, p. 76.

(22) Jones, Joseph, The Agricultural Resources of Georgia, Augusta, 1861, p. 4.

(23) Phillips, U. B., Life and Labor in the Old South, Little, Brown, and Co., Boston, 1929, p. 116.

(24) Colonial Plat Book C, Surveyor-General Office, Georgia State Archives, Atlanta, Georgia.

(25) Gray, op. cit., p. 721-22.

(26) In American Husbandry, Harry J. Carman, ed., Columbia University Press, New York, 1939, p. 275.

(27) Gray, op. cit., p. 726.

(28) Ibid., p. 729.

(29) Phillips, U. B., Plantation and Frontier, in A Documentary History of American Industrial Society, Russell & Russell, New York, 1958, p. 83.

(30) House, Albert V., "Labor Management Problems on Georgia Rice Plantations, 1840-1860," Agricultural History, Vol. 28, October, 1954, p. 149.

(31) Heath, op. cit., p. 51.

(32) Ibid., p. 410.

(33) Granger, Mary, ed., Savannah River Plantations, Savannah Writers' Project, The Georgia Historical Society, Savannah, 1947, pp. 185-186.

(34) Phillips, U. B., American Negro Slavery, op. cit., p. 258.

(35) Letters of Joseph Clay, Merchant of Savannah 1776-1793 VIII Collections of the Georgia Historical Society, The Morning News, Savannah, 1913, p. 106.

(36) Granger, op. cit., p. 460.

(37) House, op. cit., p. 149.

(38) Calculated from air photos, scale 1:24,000, "Mosaics of Georgia Coastal Area," State Highway Department, Division of Surveys and Aerial Mapping; Surveyor-General Office, Georgia State Archives, Atlanta, Georgia.

Footnotes

* The paper was accepted for publication in January 1972.

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