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278BOOK REVIEWS ing that before his party could safely dominate the state a few more factional alliances with the Native Americans were in order. This book should prove helpful to specialists wishing to include a case-study political narrative in their lectures and to other teachers wishing to introduce their students to the demanding life of political leadership in the antebellum United States. But it should not satisfy those looking for a full explanation of the revolution in the New York party systems. George T. McJimsey Iowa State University Bound with Them in Chains: A Biographical History of the Antislavery Movement. By Jane H. Pease and William H. Pease. (Westport , Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1972. Pp. xvii, 334. $12.50.) Selecting from the scores of abolitionists who might well have been portrayed in a collection of antislavery sketches, the Peases have eliminated all but ten. These they have fitted into their scheme for presenting varieties of personalities and achievements which made up the abolitionist movement. From Boston Bluestocking to Kentucky Squire, from gradualist to immediatist, from Black conservative to Black militant, from practical politician to practical humanitarian —they have chosen the persons around whom they weave their thesis that the abolitionists of every variety were indeed bound with the slave in chains. These chains of "conscience, economic interest, political condition, or a similiarity of social status" were just as effective as if they they had been of iron. The authors contend that theories of abolitionist motivation, whether emphasizing the search for one's own personal civil liberties , or the quest for martyrdom, or the effort to hold onto social class prerogatives, do not apply uniformly to the entire movement. In fact, they emphasize diversity within the ranks—even diversity within the goals and ambitions of persons and groups of persons over a period of years or decades. They have chosen their characters to deal generally with the second rank, not with the giants of the movement. In Maria Weston Chapman the authors find a very able fighter dedicated to the Garrisonian wing of abolitionism, and ready to use fair means or foul in achieving the ends sought. Through her story we see the factionalism that rent antislavery ranks repeatedly during the decades preceding the Civil War; we see the effort to keep the battle as purely abolitionist as possible; yet we are made aware of the constant inroads on moral suasion and the emphasis on a peaceful solution to the problem. The other studies, while staying within the general antislavery framework, are not as closely confined to the central history of abo- BOOK REVIEWS279 litionism. Cassius Clay, while proving that he could live in slave land and still oppose slavery, seems vaguely out of place among abolitionists who were also moral reformers. Benjamin Lundy bridges the gap between the old abolition and the new with his emphasis on amelioration and his willingness to embrace colonization. Hiram Wilson, the white minister to Blacks, determined to sacrifice himself to the cause—and to collect his tithe at the same time—represents one of the problems of do-good philosophy then and now. Of the Blacks, conservative Samuel E. Cornish and militant Henry Highland Garnet are used to depict some of the variations in the attitudes and endeavors of those tied to the slaves by physical bonds. The other individuals discussed, each for demonstration of an aspect of abolitionism with its own twist, are Stephen S. Foster, Elizur Wright, Joshua R. Giddings, and Samuel J. May. The value of this study lies strongly in reviewing abolitionism from a variety of viewpoints, and thereby is a complement to broader works on the subject. Of great importance to this understanding are chapters dealing with the setting of abolitionism, and with what amounts to the authors' own careful review of the period and its developments , and something of an analysis or evaluation of the movement. This work is not only highly valuable to students who are seeking quick and reliable information on a variety of abolitionists, but to scholars bent on reviewing the intricacies of a movement which seems always new. A useful bibliographical essay and adequate footnoting add materially to the value of the study. Howard...

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