About the Authors

M. Dominic Beer is a Senior Lecturer in Psychiatry at the University of London (Division of Psychiatry, Guy's, King's, St. Thomas' Institute of Psychiatry). He has an M.D. in the history of psychiatry, having obtained a Research Fellowship at the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine. He is a practicing Consultant Psychiatrist at the Oxleas NHS Trust, Bexley, Kent.

Dominic Murphy is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the California Instiute of Technology. He works in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of mind and is writing a book on philosophical issues in psychiatric explanation and taxonomy.

Sir Martin Roth is Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry at the University of Cambridge and a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1986 he received the Kraepelin Gold Medal from the Max Planck Institute and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1996. Sir Martin was instrumental in laying the foundations of the classification of late-life mental disorders, particularly the clinical and cerebral features of Alzheimer's disease, as well as several other conditions. This work in Cambridge led to collaborative studies with Sir Aaron Klug's Laboratory of Molecular Biology into the structure and molecular composition of the Alzheimer changes. Sir Martin's other fields of interest have been the classification and psychopathology of the affective and anxiety disorders for which he was awarded a first prize by the Anna Monike Foundation in 1978.

Jerome C. Wakefield is Distinguished Professor in the School of Social Work , the Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, and the Institute for Cognitive Studies, all at Rutgers University, and Lecturer in Psychiatry at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University. He publishes on the conceptual foundations of psychiatry, social work, and psychoanalysis. The recent focus of his work has been on the concept of mental disorder and the validity of DSM diagnostic criteria. He is currently working on a book on Freud and the philosophy of mind.

Sula Wolff was Consultant Child Psychiatrist at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children and Senior Lecturer in the University Department of Psychiatry, Edinburgh. Her writings include the widely read early work Children under Stress; as well as Childhood and Human Nature ; and Loners, about her special interest in mild Asperger syndrome/schizoid personality. She has translated Ackerknecht's Short History of Psychiatry and a very early German paper on schizoid personality in childhood.

Robert L. Woolfolk is visiting Professor of Psychology at Princeton University. He conducts empirical research on psychotherapy and psychopathology and contributes to the philosophical literature on those subjects. He is the author of The Cure of Souls and Stress, Sanity, and Survival.

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